Darker chocolate contains dangerous methylxanthines. Accidental ingestion during holidays causes CNS issues, vomiting, seizures, and even death
Raisins & grapes contain tartaric acid, toxic to dogs. Signs in 24 hrs: lethargy, tremors, vomiting. Kidney failure within 72 hrs. Euthanasia likely.
Citrus fruits like grapefruits, oranges, & lemons contain citric acid (pH 2.0-2.6), toxic to dogs. Can cause mouth irritation, vomiting & CNS issues.
Starfruit: Exotic, low-sugar fruit from SE Asia. Caution: Harmful to dogs & those with kidney issues or on meds. May cause confusion & nausea.
Beware: Fruit pits (apricots, cherries, peaches, apples) contain amygdalin, releasing cyanide if chewed, causing severe reactions and even death.
Oxalic acid: a double-edged sword. Found in nutritious foods, but can bind with calcium/magnesium, causing kidney damage. Beware oxalate!
Onion = worst due to aliphatic sulfides/sulfoxides. Cause Heinz body anemia, destroying RBCs. Toxicity at 15-30 g/kg.
Avocado: Surprising culprit! Despite being healthy for some, its toxin persin can lead to nausea, vomiting, and even heart damage in animals.
Mustard & cruciferous veggies contain isothiocyanate. Excess can irritate pups' stomach, causing vomiting, pain, and gastroenteritis.